ISO 14001 and EIA

Yes, there is a relationship. EIA is used to determine and evaluate environmental impacts of products, processes, investments still in the project phase. So, an organization with an environmental management system when facing new products, new machines, new installations, as a good preventive practice should perform an EIA. It is another way of considering the life-cycle topic.

Please consider the following documentation about environmental aspects and impacts to go deeper in the topic:
Article - environmental aspects identification and classification - https://advisera.com/14001academy/blog/2019/08/27/key-iso-14001-benefits-to-customers/knowledgebase/environmental-aspect-identification-and-classification/ 
Article - 4 steps in identification and evaluation of environmental aspects -https://advisera.com/14001academy/knowledgebase/4-steps-in-identification-and-evaluation-of-environmental-aspects/ 
Free webinar on demand - ISO 14001:2015 Identification and evaluation of environmental aspects -https://advisera.com/14001academy/webinar/iso-14001-identification-and-evaluation-of-environmental-aspects-free-webinar/ 
Enroll for free in the course - ISO 14001:2015 Foundations Course - https://advisera.com/training/iso-14001-foundations-course/ 
Book - The ISO 14001:2015 Companion - https://advisera.com/books/the-iso-14001-2015-companion/